Early Vascular Aging (EVA): New Directions in Cardiovascular Protection, Second Edition continues to be the most comprehensive and authoritative resource on premature alterations in artery structure and function. The book presents a novel approach to the problem of cardiovascular disease, showing it in relation to great vessels disease and revealing a comprehensive approach to the problem of increased rigidity of the great vessels, its causes, and further consequences. This second edition contains completely updated content with expanded coverage of basic and translational research, systematic reviews of the most prominent literature, discussion of applicability of new evidence and more. Written by an international team of clinicians and researchers, this is a valuable resource to basic and translational scientists, clinical researchers and clinicians in the cardiovascular field interested in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EVA.
- Contains all the relevant information available on the main paradigm shifts in vascular aging research, from different fields of knowledge (from basic biology to epidemiology)
- Reviews the most prominent evidence produced on early vascular aging (EVA), highlighting recent research advances, clinical applications, and research opportunities
- Formulates, in each chapter, a set of research questions that need to be addressed, challenging the vast research community to take on new directions and collaborations

Section 1 - Introduction
- Historical Aspects and Biology of AgingPETER M. NILSSON
- The 9 paradigm shifts in cardiovascular aging research PIERRE BOUTOUYRIE AND PEDRO GUIMARAES CUNHA
- Vascular Aging and CV DiseasePEDRO GUIMARAES CUNHA AND MICHAEL H. OLSEN Section 02 - Lifecourse approach and population based studies
- Aging Population: Challenges and Opportunities in a Life Course PerspectiveANGELO SCUTERI AND PETER M. NILSSON
- Population-Based Studies: Milestones on the Epidemiological TimelineERNST RIETZSCHEL AND MARC L. DE BUYZERE Lifetime Perspective of Vascular Aging
- a. Lessons from the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal StudyISABEL FERREIRA, ROEL J. VAN DE LAAR, FRANK C.T. VAN DER HEIDE, AND COEN D.A. STEHOUWER
- b. Cardiovascular Aging: Perspectives from Longitudinal Studies of AgingMAJD ALGHATRIF AND EDWARD G. LAKATTA
- c. Lessons from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns StudyCOSTAN G. MAGNUSSEN, SUVI P. ROVIO, KATJA PAHKALA, AND OLLI T. RAITAKARI
- Early Vascular Aging in the YoungELAINE M. URBINA, PETER M. NILSSON, AND CARMEL M. MCENIERY
- Ethnicity and Arterial FunctionJ. KENNEDY CRUICKSHANK AND NADIA BENNETT Section 03 - Molecular, Cellular and Mechanist Contributions to Vascular Aging
- Cellular and Molecular Determinants of Arterial AgingPATRICK LACOLLEY, PASCAL CHALLANDE, VERONIQUE REGNAULT, EDWARD G. LAKATTA, AND MINGYI WANG
- Platelet/Leukocyte-Vessel Wall Interactionsand Early AgingVERONIQUE REGNAULT, JEREMY LAGRANGE, REURUMEYZA BASCETIN AND PATRICK LACOLLEY
- Age-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Intima-Media ThickeningMICHAELA KOZAKOVA AND ARNO SCHMIDT-TRUKSASS
- Diabetes, Prediabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Large Artery Vascular AgeingCOEN D.A. STEHOUWER, FRANK C.T. VAN DER HEIDE, MICHAELA KOZAKOVA, AND CARLO PALOMBO
- The Cross-Talk Between the Macro- and the MicrocirculationSTEPHANE LAURENT, DAMIANO RIZZONI,AND ENRICO AGABITI-ROSEI
- Changes in Peripheral Blood Pressure with Normal and Accelerated AgingS. FRANKLIN AND MICHAEL HECHT OLSEN
- Changes in Arterial Stiffness with Normal and Accelerated AgingROSA MARIA BRUNO AND PIERRE BOUTOUYRIE
- Changes in Central Hemodynamics, Wave Reflection, and Heart_Vessel Coupling with Normal and Accelerated AgingTHOMAS WEBER AND PATRICK SEGERS
- Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure VariabilityGIANFRANCO PARATI, JUAN EUGENIO OCHOA,GIUSEPPE SCHILLACI, AND PAOLO SALVI
- Chronic Inflammation in Atherosclerosis and ArteriosclerosisJAN ISABEL GONCALVESA, LUCA ZANOLI, JAN NILSSON, AND ANDREAS EDSFELDT
- Nonhemodynamic Components of EVA: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)IRENE LAMBRINOUDAKI and ELENA ARMENI
- Microbiota, Diet, Oral Health and Vascular Aging DAVIDE AGNOLETTI, FEDERICA PIANI, SILVIA TURRONI, AND MADELEINE JOHANSSON Section 04 - Biomarkers, risk prediction and phenotypes of vascular aging
- Traditional Versus New Models of Risk PredictionTHOMAS BASTHOLM OLESEN AND MICHAEL HECHT OLSEN
- Estimated Arterial StiffnessJULIE VISHRAM-NIELSEN, DIMITRIOS TERENTES-PRINTZIOS, MICHAEL HECHT OLSEN, AND CHARALAMBOS VLACHOPOULOS
- Vascular Aging Biomarkers: Methodological Measurement Consensus and Reference Values PIERRE BOUTOUYRIE
- Imaging Biomarkers: Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Aortic Stiffness as Predictors of Cardiovascular DiseaseCHARALAMBOS VLACHOPOULOS, GEORGIOS GEORGIOPOULOS, GEORGIOS MAVRAGANIS, KIMON STAMATELOPOULOS, AND COSTAS TSIOUFIS
- Imaging Biomarkers: Flow-Mediated Dilation as Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease ROSA MARIA BRUNO, SMRITI BADHWAR, ELISABETTA BIANCHINI, AND LORENZO GHIADONI
- Genetic Markers in Prediction of Cardiovascular DiseaseMARTIN W. MCBRIDE, DELYTH GRAHAM, SIMON FISHER, CARA TRIVETT, AND MANSHI ZHOU
- Phenotypes of Vascular Aging - Vascular Chronobiologic asynchronyPEDRO GUIMARA ES CUNHA, PETER M.