This book enables practitioners to apply statistics effectively to the development and use of language assessments.

1 Basic concepts and terms 2 Describing test scores 3 Investigating relationships among different sets of test scores 4 Analyzing test tasks 5 Investigating reliability for norm-referenced tests 6 Investigating reliability for criterion-referenced tests 7 Stating hypotheses and making statistical inferences 8 Tests of statistical significance 9 Investigating validity 10 Reporting and interpreting test scores