John L. Worrall is Professor of Criminology and Director of the MS Program in Justice Administration and Leadership (JAL) at the University of Texas at Dallas (UTD). Both his MA (criminal justice) and PhD (political science) were received from Washington State University, where he graduated in 1999. Dr. Worrall has published articles and book chapters on a variety of topics ranging from legal issues in policing to crime measurement, having been ranked one of the most prolific sole and lead authors in the discipline. He has also authored a number of other popular books, including Introduction to Criminal Justice (with Larry Siegel) and Criminal Procedure: From First Contact to Appeal. Dr. Worrall is Executive Director of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences and continues to serve as editor of the journal Police Quarterly, a position he has held since 2008.
PART 1: INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1: Identifying and Evaluating Crime Control
Crime Control and Prevention
The Crime Problem in America
Types of Crimes
The Ever-Expanding Criminal Law
Incidence of Crime
Costs of Crime and Criminals
Is Fear of Crime Worse Than Crime Itself?
Approaches, Not Just Policies
Laws
Official Policies, Written and Unwritten
Unofficial Approaches
On the Importance of Definitions
Defining the Crime Problem
Defining the Solution
Defining the Desired Outcome
Evaluating Success: An Impossible Task?
The Hard and Soft Sciences
The Elusive Criminal Justice Experiment
You Can Prove Anything with Statistics
Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Macro- and Micro-Level Crime Control
Displacement and Diffusion
Measuring Displacement and Diffusion
The Tentative Nature of Scientific Knowledge
The Measures Used
When New Data Become Available
Alternative Settings: The Generalization Problem
Other Concerns
Funding and Political Priorities
Academic Crusaders and Bandwagon Science
Evidence-Based Justice
Effective Does Not Always Mean Best
A Preview of the Book
Guns and Drugs: The Real Attention Getters
Summary
Notes
Chapter 2: Crime Control Perspectives
Operational Perspectives
Due Process and Crime Control
Due Process Values
Crime Control Values
System and Nonsystem
A Well-Oiled Machine?
A Disorganized Mess?
The Funnel Model of Justice
The Criminal Justice Wedding Cake
Political Perspectives
Liberals and Conservatives
Causes of Crime
Consequences of Crime for Society
What Should Be Done About Crime?
Consensus and Conflict
Causes of Crime
Consequences of Crime for Society
What Should Be Done About Crime?
Other Perspectives
Faith and Fact
Crime Control and Revenue Generation
Politics and Ivory Towers
Goals of Crime Control
Deterrence
General and Specific Deterrence
Absolute and Marginal Deterrence