Although domestic law plays an important role in investment treaty arbitration, this issue is little discussed or analysed. When should investment treaty tribunals engage with domestic law? How should investment treaty tribunals resolve matters of domestic law? These questions have significant ramifications for both the legitimacy of the investment treaty system and the arbitral mandate of the tribunal members. Drawing on case law, international law principles, and comparative analysis, this book addresses these important issues.
Part I of the book examines three areas of investment law-the 'fair and equitable treatment' standard, expropriation, and remedies-in which the role of domestic law has so far been under-appreciated. It argues that tribunals are justified in drawing on domestic law as a relevant factor in their rulings on these three issues. Part II of the book examines how questions of domestic law should be resolved in investment arbitration. It proposes a normative framework for use by tribunals in ascertaining the contents of the domestic law to be applied. It then considers counter-arguments, exemptions, and exceptions to applying this framework, and it evaluates how tribunals have ruled on questions of domestic law to date.
Investment treaty arbitration has endured much criticism in recent times, partly over fears of its encroachment on sovereignty. The book ultimately contends that closer attention by tribunals to one of the principal expressions of a state's sovereignty-the elaboration of its domestic law-will reduce criticism of the field.

Jarrod Hepburn is a McKenzie Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, Australia. Jarrod holds the degrees of DPhil, MPhil and BCL from Balliol College, University of Oxford, as well as first-class honours undergraduate degrees in both law and software engineering from the University of Melbourne.
Jarrod is admitted to practice law in Australian federal and state jurisdictions, and has experience in the Competition group of a major Australian commercial law firm. He is also a regular contributor to a specialised news service, Investment Arbitration Reporter, providing coverage and analysis of foreign investment disputes.