Accountability is regarded as a central feature of modern constitutionalism. At a general level, this prominence is perhaps unsurprising, given the long history of the idea. However, in many constitutional democracies, including the UK and the USA, it has acquired a particular resonance in contemporary circumstances with the declining power of social deference, the expanding reach of populist accountability mechanisms, and the increasing willingness of citizens to
find mechanisms for challenging official decision-making. These essays, by public law scholars, seek to explore how ideas of and mechanisms associated with accountability play a part in the contemporary constitution. While the majority of contributors concentrate on the United Kingdom, others provide
comparative discussion with particular reference to the United States and aspects of European Union law.
The main focus of the volume is the contemporary UK constitution. Chapters are included which analyse the historical context (including the role of Dicey), common law constitutionalism, the constitutional role of Parliament, the constitutional role of the courts, judicial accountability, human rights protection under the constitution and the contribution of non-judicial accountability mechanisms. Further chapters explore the public service principle, the impact of new public management on
public service delivery, and the relationship between accountability and regulation. Finally accountability is discussed in the light of constitutional reform including the challenges posed by the 'multi-layered' government at the supra national level of EU membership and sub-national national levels of
devolution and local government.

Nicholas Bamforth is a Fellow in Law at The Queen's College, Oxford. His research focuses on public law, human rights, and discrimination law. His publications include: Patriarchal Religion, Sexuality and Gender: A Critique of New Natural Law (with D Richards) and Discrimination Law - Theory in Context: Text and Materials (with M Malik and C O'Cinneide, 2008).
Peter Leyland is Professor of Public Law at London Metropolitan University. He co-edits the Constitutional Systems of the World series and is the author of numerous books and articles on constitutional law, administrative law, and comparative public law, including The Constitution of the United Kingdom: A Contextual Analysis (2012) and Textbook on Administrative Law (7th edition, with G Anthony, 2012).
Nicholas Bamforth and Peter Leyland jointly edited Public Law in a Multi-Layered Constitution (2003).