The 48th edition of the SIPRI Yearbook analyses developments in 2016 in security and conflicts; military spending and armaments; non-proliferation; arms control; and disarmament.

• 1. Introduction: international security, armaments and disarmament: Dan Smith


• Part I. Armed conflicts and conflict management, 2016




• Overview


• I. Patterns of organized violence, 200716


• II. Out of the darkness? The hope for peace in Colombia


• III. Mapping armed conflicts over Islamist claims: exploring regional variations


• IV. The Global Peace Index 2017




• Overview


• I. The Middle East and North Africa: 2016 in perspective


• II. The Islamic State in 2016: a failing caliphate but a growing transnational threat?


• III. Military spending and arms transfers to the Middle East and North Africa




• Overview


• I. Conflict or peace in Europe? Increasing uncertainties, rising insecurities


• II. Conflicts in the post-Soviet space: recent developments


• III. Turkeys search for stability and legitimacy in 2016




• Overview


• I. Global trends in peace operations


• II. Regional trends and developments


• III. Protection of civilians: the case of South Sudan


• IV. Table of multilateral peace operations, 2016


• Part II. Security and development, 2016




• Overview


• I. Peace and development


• II. Sustaining peace: the new overarching United Nations framework


• III. Delivering as one: other multilateral mechanisms for sustaining peace


• IV. The peace being sustained: operationalizing prevention




• Overview


• I. Introduction


• II. Displacement dangers


• III. Crises of forced displacement in fragile contexts: key developments in 2016


• IV. United Nations and regional responses to displacement crises


• V. Conclusions




• Overview


• I. Exploring the climateconflict link: the case of East Africa


• II. Weather-related disasters and violent conflict


• Part III. Military spending and armaments, 2016




• Overview


• I. Global developments in military expenditure


• II. US military expenditure


• III. Oil price shocks and military expenditure


• IV. The backdating of SIPRI military expenditure data


• V. Transparency in military expenditure data




• Overview


• I. Developments in arms transfers, 2016


• II. Arms transfers as military aid


• III. Transparency in arms transfers


• IV. The financial value of states arms exports


• V. Arms production and military services




• Overview


• I. US nuclear forces


• II. Russian nuclear forces


• III. British nuclear forces


• IV. French nuclear forces


• V. Chinese nuclear forces


• VI. Indian nuclear forces


• VII. Pakistani nuclear forces


• VIII. Israeli nuclear forces


• IX. North Koreas military nuclear capabilities


• X. Global stocks and production of fissile materials, 2016


• XI. Nuclear explosions, 19452016


• Part IV. Non-proliferation, arms control and disarmament, 2016




• Overview


• I. RussianUS nuclear arms control and disarmament


• II. International cooperation to enhance nuclear security


• III. Initiatives and multilateral treaties on nuclear disarmament, non-proliferation and arms control


• IV. Implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in Iran




• Overview


• I. Achieving clarity on Syrian chemical weapon declarations to the 513OPCW and continued chemical weapon use allegations


• II. Allegations of use of chemical weapons in Iraq


• III. Chemical arms control and disarmament


• IV. Biological arms control




• Overview


• I. International humanitarian law: ICRC guidance and its application in urban warfare


• II. Humanitarian arms control regimes: key developments in 2016


• III. A relaunch of conventional arms control in Europe?




• Overview


• I. The Arms Trade Treaty


• II. Multilateral embargoes on arms and dual-use items


• III. The export control regimes


• IV. Developments in EU dual-use and arms trade controls


• V. Human rights, the European Union and dual-use export controls

SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. Established in 1966, SIPRI provides data, analysis and recommendations, based on opens sources, to policymakers, researchers, media and the interested public.