"Knowledge commons" describes the institutionalized community governance of the sharing and, in some cases, creation, of information, science, knowledge, data, and other types of intellectual and cultural resources. It is the subject of enormous recent interest and enthusiasm with respect to policymaking about innovation, creative production, and intellectual property. Taking that enthusiasm as its starting point, Governing Knowledge Commons argues that policymaking should be based on evidence and a deeper understanding of what makes commons institutions work. It offers a systematic way to study knowledge commons, borrowing and building on Elinor Ostrom's Nobel Prize-winning research on natural resource commons. It proposes a framework for studying knowledge commons that is adapted to the unique attributes of knowledge and information, describing the framework in detail and explaining how to put it into context both with respect to commons research and with respect to innovation and information policy. Eleven detailed case studies apply and discuss the framework exploring knowledge commons across a wide variety of scientific and cultural domains.

Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1: Governing the Knowledge Commons
Chapter 2: Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons / by Daniel H. Cole
Chapter 3: Between Spanish Huertas and the Open Road: A Tale of Two Commons? / by Yochai Benkler
Chapter 4: Constructing the Genome Commons / Jorge L. Contreras
Chapter 4B: Governing Genomic Data: Plea for an 'Open Commons' / by Geertrui Van Overwalle
Chapter 5: The Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network and the Urea Cycle Disorders Consortium as Nested Knowledge Commons / by Katherine J. Strandburg, Brett Frischmann, and Can Cui
Chapter 6: Commons at the Intersection of Peer Production, Citizen Science, and Big Data: Galaxy Zoo / by Michael J. Madison
Chapter 7: Toward the Comparison of Open Source Commons Institutions / by Charlie Schweik
Chapter 8: Governance of Online Creation Communities for the Building of Digital Commons: Viewed Through the Framework of the Institutional Analysis and Development / Mayo Fuster Morell
Chapter 9: Creating a Context for Entrepreneurship: Examining How Users' Technological & Organizational Innovations Set the Stage for Entrepreneurial Activity / Sonali K. Shah and Cyrus C.M. Mody
Chapter 10: An Inventive Commons: Shared Sources of the Airplane and its Industry / by Peter B. Meyer
Chapter 11: Exchange Practices Among Nineteenth-century US Newspaper Editors:
Cooperation in Competition / by Laura J. Murray
Chapter 12: How War Creates Commons: General McNaughton and the National Research Council, 1914-1939 / by S. Tina Piper
Chapter 13: Labor and/as Love: Roller Derby's Knowledge Commons / by David Fagundes
Chapter 14: Legispedia / by Brigham Daniels
Chapter 15: Conclusion
Index

Brett M. Frischmann is Professor of Law and Director of the Intellectual Property and Information Law Program at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, Yeshiva University. He is the author of Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources (Oxford, 2012) which won the 2013 PROSE Book Award for the best book in law and legal studies. He is also co-author of Cyberlaw: Problems of Policy and Jurisprudence in the Information Age (4th edition, 2011).
Michael J. Madison is Professor of Law and Faculty Director of the Innovation Practice Institute at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law, where he writes and teaches about information law and theory, along with various disciplines of intellectual property law, contracts and commercial law, and property law. He is the co-author of The Law of Intellectual Property (4th edition).
Katherine J. Strandburg is the Alfred B. Engelberg Professor of Law at the New York University School of Law and Faculty Director of the Engelberg Center on Innovation Law and Policy, where she teaches and writes about intellectual property law, especially as it intersects with user and commons-based innovation, and information privacy law. She is a co-editor of several books on intellectual property and information privacy law and policy, and she regularly authors amicus briefs on these subjects.