Clerics in the Middle Ages were subjected to differing ideals of masculinity, both from within the Church and from lay society. The historians in this volume interrogate the meaning of masculine identity for the medieval clergy, by considering a wide range of sources, time periods and geographical contexts.

ANDREW HOLT Ph.D. Candidate in the History Department, University of Florida, USA ANDREW MILLER Visiting Assistant Professor, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, USA TANYA STABLER MILLER Assistant Professor of History, Purdue University-Calumet, USA DEREK NEAL Assistant Professor of History, Nipissing University, Ontario, Canada ANTHONY PERRON Assistant Professor of Medieval History, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, USA ANDREW ROMIG Assistant Director, Studies for the Committee on Degrees in History and Literature, Harvard University, USA KATHERINE ALLEN SMITH Assistant Professor of History, the University of Puget Sound, USA SCOTT WELLS Associate Professor of History and Director of Religious Studies, California State University, Los Angeles, USA JANELLE WERNER Assistant Professor of History, Kalamazoo College, USA.

Acknowledgements Notes on Contributors List of Abbreviations Introduction: Rethinking the Medieval Clergy and Masculinity; J.D.Thibodeaux What Can Historians do with Clerical Masculinity? D.Neal PART I: MONASTIC MASCULINITY The Common Bond of Aristocratic Masculinity: Monks, Secular Men, and St.Gerald of Aurillac; A.Romig The Warrior Habitus: Militant Masculinity and Monasticism in the Henrician Reform Movement; S.Wells Spiritual Warriors in Citadels of Faith: Martial Rhetoric and Monastic Masculinity in the Long Twelfth Century; K.Allen Smith PART II: PRIESTLY MASCULINITY: RECONCILING CELIBACY AND SEXUALITY Saxo Grammaticus's Heroic Chastity: A Model of Clerical Celibacy and Masculinity in Medieval Scandinavia; A.Perron From Boys to Priests: Adolescence, Masculinity and the Parish Clergy in Medieval Normandy; J.D.Thibodeaux Promiscuous Priests and Vicarage Children: Clerical Sexuality and Masculinity in Late Medieval England; J.Werner PART III: CLERICAL MASCULINITY: CONTESTED IDENTITIES Between Warrior and Priest: The Creation of a New Masculine Identity during the Crusades; A.Holt Knights, Bishops and Deer Parks: Episcopal Identity, Emasculation and Clerical Space in Medieval England; A.Miller Mirror of the Scholarly (Masculine) Soul: Scholastics, Béguines and Gendered Spirituality in Medieval Paris; T.Stabler Miller