Although the injunction "Know thyself" was inscribed over the site of the Delphic Oracle, the concept is of much more ancient lineage. Thousands of years ago, the wise men of the East had learned to exert authority over a broad range of bodily experiences and functions using techniques that are still taught today. But it is only in the past few decades that the West has become aware once again of the range of control that the central nervous system can maintain over sensation and body function. Medicine has moved slowly in integrating these concepts into the classic medical model of disease despite a growing body of evidence that links emotional state, thought, and imagery to immunocompetence, tissue healing, and bodily vigor. It is precisely the role of a volume such as this, reflecting a fascinating conference in Munich, to emphasize and reemphasize these ideas. We are fortunately well beyond the sterile behaviorism of Watson with its com­ plete negation of the significance of mental operations. But many still consider suspect those forces and mechanisms, however powerful, that seem to originate from brain-mind activity. The chapters in this book, with their emphases on the mind-body continuum as a bridge to self­ regulation and health, provide a modern "School of Athens" in bringing these concepts to wider acquaintance.

I. Overview.- 1 Clinical Applied Psychophysiology: Introduction.- 2 Schopenhauer's Ethics and the Concept of Behavioral Self-Regulation.- II. Disorders of the Central Nervous System.- 3 Biofeedback of Slow Cortical Potentials in Epilepsy.- 4 The P300 Event-Related Brain Potential in Psychiatric and Neurological Diagnosis.- III. Disorders of the Cardiovascular System.- 5 Type A and Cardiovascular Responsiveness in Italian Blue Collar Workers.- 6 Psychological Factors Affecting Ambulatory Blood Pressure in a High-Stress Occupation.- 7 Mechanisms and Treatment of Raynaud's Disease and Phenomenon.- IV. Applied Psychophysiology and Respiration.- 8 Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Preliminary Natural History and Mortality Results.- 9 Significance of Breathing Awareness and Exercise Training for Recovery after Myocardial Infarction.- 10 Respiration in Clinical Psychophysiology: How to Assess Critical Parameters and Their Change with Treatment.- 11 Breathing: Physiological Reasons for Loss of Self-Control.- V. Neuromuscular Disorders.- 12 Psychophysiological Methods in the Assessment and Treatment of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain.- 13 Overcoming Learned Nonuse: A New Approach to Treatment in Physical Medicine.- VI. Long-Term Stress.- 14 Quartets in Antarctic Isolation.- 15 Notes on the Use of Biological Markers in the Study of Long-Term Stress.