This is the second of three related, empirically based studies examining the broad range of issues raised by the use of economic sanctions. This volume provides a detailed examination of the impact of U.S. economic sanctions on China, Cuba, and Iran as well as the impact on the United States itself.
Ashari, Forrer, Teegen, and Yang analyze whether or not these case studies in economic sanctions had been successful by measuring their historical impact and modeling their effectiveness. This book will be of particular interest to scholars, students, researchers, and the public policy community involved with international business and economics and international relations.

HOSSEIN G. ASKARI is Aryamehr Professor of International Business at The George Washington University. He is the author or coauthor of 15 earlier books and monographs, including Economic Sanctions: Examining Their Philosophy and Efficacy (Praeger, 2003), coauthored with Forrer, Teegen, and Yang.
JOHN FORRER is Director of the Institute for Global Management and Research at The George Washington University. He has consulted extensively on international energy and environmental issues.
HILDY TEEGEN is Associate Professor of International Business at The George Washington University. She has written extensively on international negotiations and business partnerships and Latin American economic affairs.
JIAWEN YANG is Assistant Professor of International Business, The George Washington University. He is the author of numerous articles and book chapters on exchange rate pass-through, international capital flows, and the financial crises in Latin America and Asia.

List of Illustrations
Introduction
U.S. Economic Sanctions against China
U.S. Economic Sanctions against Cuba
U.S. Economic Sanctions against Iran
Costs and Benefits of Sanctions: A Contingency Perspective
Appendix 2.1
China's Economic Record, 1961-2000
Appendix 2.2
Selected U.S. Sanctions against China Since 1949
Appendix 2.3
U.S. Commerce Control List: Country Groups
Appendix 2.4
Defense Trade Controls: United States Munitions List Categories
Appendix 2.5
Defense Trade Controls: Embargo Reference Chart
Appendix 2.6
U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Country Detail for Capital Outflows, 2001
Appendix 2.7
U.S. Direct Investment Position Abroad on a Historical-Cost Basis, 2000
Appendix 3.1
Cuba's Composition of Trade, 1993-98
Appendix 3.2
Cuba's Exports by Country of Destination, 1993-98
Appendix 3.3
Cuba's Imports by Sending Country, 1993-98
Appendix 4.1
Iran's Non-oil Exports by Country Destination, 1973/74-1998/99
Appendix 4.2
Iran's Exports by Leading Destinations, 1975-98
Appendix 4.3
Iran's Imports from Leading Sources, 1975-98
Appendix 4.4
Value of Iran's Imports, 1980/81-1998/99
References