In this book, the editors unite a diverse array of empirical contributions around a few key themes that collectively make the case for a new, forward-looking innovation agenda aimed at addressing persistent challenges and exploiting emerging opportunities in Brazil.

Introduction: Innovation in Brazil: Advancing Development in the 21st Century Part I The Political Economy of Innovation 1. Institutions, Politics, and State-led Innovation 2. Accelerating Innovation in Brazil in the Age of Global Value Chains 3. Innovation Policy in Brazil Since 2003: Advances, Incoherencies, and Discontinuities Part II Towards a Knowledge Economy: Knowledge Creation and Diffusion 4. Science and Innovation in Brazil: Where to Now? 5. Benchmarking University/Industry Research Collaboration in Brazil 6. Universities as Engines of Innovation: The Context for Tech Transfer in Case Studies from Brazil and the U.S. Part III Institutional Innovations 7. Institutional Dimensions of Innovation Policy in Brazil 8. Beyond Research and Technology Organization (RTO) Benchmarking: Towards a Typology of Innovation Intermediaries 9. Beyond the Silicon Valley Consensus: Understanding the Organizational Challenges and Opportunities for Promoting Innovation in Brazil 10. Building Trust in Innovation: The Case of EMBRAPII Part IV Firms, Industries and Innovation in the Global Economy 11. Brazil's Promise: Boosting Productivity for Shared Prosperity 12. Resource-Led Industrial Development in the Oil and Gas Global Value Chain: The Case of Brazil 13. Innovation in Advanced Energy: Towards a Mission-Oriented Agenda for Second-Generation (2G) Ethanol in Brazil 14. The Political Economy of Collective Learning in Generic Pharmaceuticals

Elisabeth B. Reynolds is Executive Director of MIT's Industrial Performance Center and Lecturer in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning.

Ben Ross Schneider is Ford International Professor of Political Science at MIT and Director of the MIT-Brazil program.

Ezequiel Zylberberg is a Research Affiliate at MIT's Industrial Performance Center.