This book is an analysis of Indonesia's civil-military relations in the post-1998 reform era. It focuses on the political thinking of the Indonesian Army during the time of democratic consolidation.

Muhamad Haripin is a Researcher at the Centre for Political Studies-Indonesian Institute of Sciences (Pusat Penelitian Politik-LIPI), Jakarta. He is also the author of Civil-Military Relations in Indonesia: The Politics of Military Operations Other Than War (Routledge, 2019).

Adhi Priamarizki is a Visiting Fellow at S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

Keoni Indrabayu Marzuki is an Associate Research Fellow at S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

1. Introduction: the army and ideology in Indonesia 2. Tentara rakyat and dwifungsi: From Nasution to Suharto 3. NKRI harga mati, ketahanan nasional, and MOOTW 4. Proxy war' and 'bela negara': the historical and political trajectory 5. Conclusion: ideology and democratic setback