This volume defends the notion of humankind in the face of artificial intelligence. Responding to anti-humanist challenges to traditional arguments establishing human worth in nature, it defends humanity with the argument that technological 'advances' introduced artificially into some humans do not annul their fundamental human qualities.

Mark Carrigan is Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Faculty of Education at the University of Cambridge, UK.

Douglas V. Porpora is Professor of Sociology in the Department of Communication at Drexel University, USA.

1. Being Human (or What?) in the Digital Matrix Land: The Construction of the Humanted 2. Being Human as an Option: How to Rescue Personal Ontology from Transhumanism, and (Above All) Why Bother 3. Perplexity Logs: On Routinized Certainty Work and Social Consequences of Seeking Advice from an Artificial Intelligence 4. Artificial Intelligence and the Challenge of Social Care in Aging Societies: Who or What Will Care for Us in the Future? 5. Why Should Enhanced and Unenhanced Humans Care for Each Other? 6. Can Humans and AI Robots be Friends? 7. Humanity's End: Where Will We Be in a Million Years?