This book covers a wide range of topics within mathematical modelling and the optimization of economic, demographic, technological and environmental phenomena. Each chapter is written by experts in their field and represents new advances in modelling theory and practice. These essays are exemplary of the fruitful interaction between theory and practice when exploring global and local changes.

1. The genuine savings criterion and the value of population in an economy with endogenous fertility rate Kenneth J. Arrow, Alain Bensoussan, Qi Feng, and Suresh P. Sethi 2. Continuous time overlapping generations models Hippolyte d'Albis and Emmanuelle Augeraud-Véron 3. Modeling technological change in equipment replacement problems Chin Hon Tan and Joseph C. Hartman 4. Embodied technology adoption under uncertainty Bruno Cruz and Aude Pommeret 5. Viability, optimality, and sustainability in vintage models Noël Bonneuil 6. Embodied technical change and learning-by-doing in a two sector growth model with human capital accumulation Alberto Bucci, Herb Kunze and Davide La Torre 7. Age-structured optimization models in fisheries bioeconomics: a survey Olli Tahvonen 8. Age-structured models and optimal control in mathematical epidemiology: a survey David Greenhalgh 9. Optimal management of a size distributed forest with respect to timber and non-timber values Renan-Ulrich Goertz and Angels Xabadia 10. Optimal harvesting in a two-species model of size-structured population Nobuyuki Kato 11. Optimisation problems in the management of indigenous plant populations under grazing pressure Lynne McArthur, John Boland, and Fleur Tiver 12. Identification of age-structured contamination sources in ground water Sergey Lyashko, Dmitry Klyushin, Dmitry Nomirovsky, and Vladimir Semenov

Raouf Boucekkine is Professor of Economics at the Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium, and the University of Glasgow, UK. He is currently research co-director of the Center of Operation Research and Econometrics (CORE) at Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.

Natali Hritonenko is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics at Prairie View A&M University, USA.

Yuri Yatsenko is a Professor in the School of Business at Houston Baptist University, USA.