This book presents an overview of European political thought from the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815 to the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 by placing the major ideas within their historical context, including discussions of major twentieth-century totalitarian movements.

Preface and Acknowledgments -- A Note on Titles -- Introduction: The Scope of Modern European Politics -- From Elites to Masses -- Restoration Models and Utopian Constructions, 1815-1830 -- Early Liberalism -- Hegel: From Civil Society to State -- Jacobin Equality and National Liberation -- Democracy, Society, and Liberalism -- Liberal Democracy -- The Class Struggle: Socialism, Communism, and Social Democracy -- Anarchism -- Social Science and Politics -- The Authoritarian State and Antiparliamentarism -- Popular Nationalism -- Age of the Masses -- Russian Communism -- Italian Fascism -- German Nazism -- Opposing the One-Party State -- The West: Marxism Versus Capitalism -- Eastern Europe Versus the Soviet System -- Models in Western European Political Thought