This is a book about moral reasoning: how we actually reason and how we ought to reason.

1. Introduction; 2. The primary principle: Doing good; 3. The advantages of collective strategies; 4. Relations between collective and individual rationality; 5. Publicity, autonomy, and objective act consequentialism; 6. The existence of rules and practices; 7. Practical reasoning; 8. Moral analogues of interpretation and legislation; 9. Other utilitarian conceptions: Some comparisons; 10. Concluding observations: Summary and a look ahead.