Provides evidence that climate change drove Neanderthal extinction, not competition with our own ancestors.

Preface and acknowledgements; 1. Human evolution in the Pleistocene; 2. Biogeographical patterns; 3. Human range expansions, contractions and extinctions; 4. The modern human-Neanderthal problem; 5. Comparative behaviour and ecology of Neanderthals and modern humans; 6. The conditions in Africa and Eurasia during the last Glacial Cycle; 7. The modern human colonization and the Neanderthal extinction; 8. The survival of the weakest; References; Index.