This book is a study of the transformation of the role of the pope in the late eleventh and twelfth centuries.

Preface; List of abbreviations; Part I. The Papal Government: 1. Rome and the patrimony of St Peter; 2. The college of cardinals; 3. Papal councils; 4. Papal legates; 5. Papal justice; 6. The papacy, the religious orders and the episcopate; 7. Papal finance; Part II. The Papacy and the Secular Powers: 8. The political ideas of the papacy; 9. The papacy and the crusade; 10. The papacy and the Normans; 11. Papacy and empire; Appendix: A list of popes, 1073-1198; Index.