Grammaticalization refers to the change whereby lexical terms and constructions serve grammatical functions in certain linguistic contexts and, once grammaticalized, continue to develop new grammatical functions. Paul Hopper and Elizabeth Traugott synthesize research from several areas of linguistics in this revised introduction to the subject. The book includes substantial updates on theoretical and methodological issues that have arisen in the decade since the first edition, as well as a significantly expanded bibliography. Particular attention is paid to recent debates over directionality in change and the role of grammaticalization in creolization. First Edition Hb (1993): 0-521-36655-0 First Edition Pb (1993): 0-521-36684-4

Paul J. Hopper is Thomas S. Baker Professor of English and Linguistics at Carnegie Mellon University. His publications include Grammaticalization (co-authored with Elizabeth Closs Traugott, Cambridge, 1993), A Short Course in Grammar (1999), The Limits of Grammaticalization (co-edited with Anna Giacalone-Ramat, 1998) and Frequency and the Emergence of Linguistic Structure (co-edited with Joan Bybee, 2001).

Preface to the second edition and acknowledgements; List of abbreviations; 1. Some preliminaries; 2. The history of grammaticalization; 3. Reanalysis; 4. Pragmatic factor; 5. The hypothesis of unidirectionality; 6. Clause-internal morphological changes; 7. Grammaticalization across clauses; 8. Grammaticalization in situations of extreme language contact; 9. Summary and suggestions for further work; References; Index of names; Index of languages; General index.