In November 1942, eleven months after Pearl Harbor, the United States launched Operation Torch, the invasion of Morocco and Algeria. Overwhelmingly successful against Vichy French forces, the Americans next shifted their focus to Tunisia, where they battled the German Afrika Korps at Kasserine Pass, El Guettar, and Bizerte.

Jon Diamond has written extensively on military history topics. In addition to articles for World War II History and Military Heritage, he is also the author of Guadalcanal (978-0-8117-1626-0), New Guinea (978-0-8117-1556-0), Orde Wingate (978-1-84908-323-2), and Archibald Wavell (978-1-84908-737-7). A graduate of Cornell University, Diamond is a medical doctor in private practice and has taught at Harvard and Penn State. He lives near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.