Developmental psychologists have been interested in metacognitive phenomena since the early 1970s, while reading researchers have been interested in awareness, monitoring, and strategy use for text-processing as part of a shift in focus from text factors to reader factors in reading. A great many research studies have been conducted by psychologists and reading researchers under the rubric of metacognition. Unlike other chapters fom some edited books which present only syntheses of this burgeoning research literature, this volume not only presents the literature but provides analysis about its usefulness for researchers and practitioners. It also presents a discussion of important methodological dilemmas within these research literatures.