The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes constitutes a comprehensive introduction to the study of World Englishes. With a new substantial introduction from the editor, the Handbook is an ideal resource for students of applied linguistics as well as those in related degrees such as applied English language and TESOL/TEFL.

Andy Kirkpatrick is Professor of Linguistics at Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia, and a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities. Recent publications include the 2019 Routledge International Handbook of Language Education Policy in Asia (co-editor with Anthony J. Liddicoat); World Englishes: Research and Practice (2020), and Is English an Asian Language? (2020).

List of Contributors

Introduction

Section 1 Historical Perspectives and Traditional Englishes

1 Standardized English: The History of the Earlier Circles

2 Grammatical variation in the contemporary spoken English of England

3 Phonological innovation in contemporary spoken British English

4 The Englishes of Ireland: Emergence, Transportation and Current Trends

5 The development of standard American English

6 The Englishes of Canada

7 English in Australia

8 The English(es) of New Zealand

Section 2 Regional Varieties

9 The development of the English language in India

10 Sri Lankan Englishes

11 English in education in Bangladesh: World Englishes perspectives

12 East and West African Englishes: Differences and commonalities

13. Spread of English at the grassroots? Sociolinguistic evidence from two post-protectorates: Maldives and Uganda

14 South African Englishes

15 China English: a future power

16 Periphery ELT: Myths about English in the Philippines

17 English in Singapore and Malaysia Differences and Similarities

18 English in Japan

19 Slavic Englishes: education or culture?

20 West Indian English: An Introduction to Literature in Selected Varieties

21 English and English teaching in Colombia: Tensions and possibilities in the expanding circle

Section 3: Emerging Trends and Themes

22 English as a Lingua Franca in the European context

23 Developmental patterns of English: similar or different?

24 Mixed codes or varieties of English?

25 Semantic and pragmatic conceptualisations within an emerging variety: Persian English

26 Writing in Englishes 'In Defence of Foreigness'

27 World Englishes, Social Disharmonisation, and Environmental Destruction

Section 4 Contemporary Contexts, Functions and Variables

28 Online Englishes

29 The Englishes of Business

30 The increasing use of EMI in Higher Education

31 The Englishes of Popular Culture

32 World Englishes and Philippine call centres

33 Translanguaging and Multilingual Creativity with English in the Sinophone World

34 'Brexit' and the postnational dimension of English in Europe

Section 5: Debates and Pedagogical Implications

35 Variation across Englishes Phonology

36 English language teachers in context: Who teaches what, where and why?

37 When does an unconventional form become an innovation?

38 Which Test of Which English and Why?

39 Academic Englishes: A Standardised Knowledge?

Section 6: The Future

40 The Future of Englishes: one, many or none?

Index