Is war necessary? In Peace and War prominent anthropologists and other social scientists explore the cultural and social factors leading to war. This anthropological and historical analysis of the causes of war is a valuable resource for those studying war and those trying to understand the place of social science in framing pacific options.

Mary LeCron Foster is research associate in the Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley.

Acknowledgments
Preface
Introduction
Part I The Individual, Community, and Conflict
1. Personal Motivation and Institutionalized Conflict
2. The Uses of Fear: Porro Gangs in Mexico
3. Toward a Structural Model of Violence:
Male Initiation Rituals and Tribal Warfare
4. Fighting for Peace
5. The Culture of United States Military Enclaves
6. Is War Necessary?
7. The Cultural Patterning of Risk-Seeking Behavior:
Implications for Armed Conflict
Part II The Dynamics of Conflict
8. Land Disputes and the Gods in the Prehispanic Mixteca
9. Directed Change and the Hope for Peace
10. Ethnic Targeting as a Defense Strategy
11. Conflict in the Horn of Africa
12. Christianity and War
Part III Social Scientists React
13. Sociopsychological Aspects of the Prevention of Nuclear War
14. The Drift to War
15. The War-Making Institutions
16. The Nature of War and the American Military Profession
17. War and Peace: The View of a Soviet Scholar
Part IV Conflict and the Nation-State
18. Ideology and Institutions in Peace and War
19. War and War Proneness in Pre- and Postindustrial States
20. The Developmental Dynamics of Peace
21. The Anthropology of Global Integration:
Some Grounds for Optimism about World Peace
22. The Superpowers and the Tribes
Part V Anthropology and Policy
23. Anthropology for the Second Stage of the Nuclear Age

24. Anthropology as a Nonpolicy Science
25. Global Policy and Revolution in Social Sciences
26. Conflict and Belief in American Foreign Policy
27. The Collapse of Strategy: Understanding
Ideological Bias in Policy Decisions
Conclusion: Toward an Anthropology of Peace and War
About the Contributors