Ono examines cross-cultural artistic exchange between the West and Japan from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century.

Ayako Ono is Associate Professor in the Faculty of Education at Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan.

Introduction 1. An Introduction to James McNeill Whistler's Work and Art Theory in Japan - from the Perspective of East-West Exchange, with Special Reference to Hayashi Tadamasa, Iwamura Toru, and Kume Keiichiro 2. James McNeill Whistler's Introduction in Japan - Focusing on the Modern Japanese Literary World 3. Spread of Universal Beauty: James McNeill Whistler, Ernest F. Fenollosa, Kaneko Kentaro, and Charles Lang Freer 4. James McNeill Whistler's Tonal Painting and morotai 5. Conclusion: Nihonga for the World: Modern 'nihonga' and the 'West (seiyo)' and 'Western Europe (seio)' as Relative Concepts 6. Postcript: Japanese Art Exhibitions in Britain from the Mid-Nineteenth Century to the Early-Twentieth Century