This handbook provides a state-of-the-art, comprehensive overview of the expanding field of urban biodiversity.

Charles H. Nilon is a professor in the School of Natural Resources at the University of Missouri. His research and teaching focus on urban wildlife conservation, urban ecology, and the human dimensions of wildlife conservation. Dr. Nilon is a co-director of three urban biodiversity synthesis projects, including the "Urban Biodiversity Research Coordination Network" (UrBioNet), and is co-president of the International Urban Biodiversity and Design Network (URBIO).

Myla F.J. Aronson is an assistant professor in the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. Her research and teaching focuses on the patterns, drivers, and management of biodiversity in human dominated landscapes, particularly plant population and community dynamics in urban areas. Dr. Aronson is co-director of three urban biodiversity synthesis projects, including the "Urban Biodiversity Research Coordination Network" (UrBioNet), and serves on the Advisory Board for the International Urban Biodiversity and Design Network (URBIO).

1. Introduction to the Routledge Handbook of Urban Biodiversity

Charles H. Nilon and Myla F.J. Aronson

PART 1: Setting the stage for urban biodiversity research and practice

2. History of urban biodiversity research and practice

Charles H. Nilon

3. Comparative urban ecology and the gradient approach: extending knowledge by acknowledging the diversity of cities around the world

Amy K. Hahs

4. Urban climate and the biophysical environment

Peter Ibsen, Dion Kucera, Stephanie Piper, and G. Darrel Jenerette

5. Understanding land use, land cover, and landscape patterns of the world's cities for sustainable biodiversity planning

Cynnamon Dobbs, Dagmar Haase, and Ulla Mörtberg

PART 2: Foundational concepts and theory in urban biodiversity research

6. The application of landscape ecology and biogeography in the study of urban biodiversity

Christopher A. Lepczyk and Frank A. La Sorte

7. Community assembly and filtering of urban ecosystems

Myla F.J. Aronson, Christopher A. Lepczyk, and Karl L. Evans

8. From filters to feedbacks: how do people influence biodiversity across scales?

Riley Andrade, Paige S. Warren, and Sarel S. Cilliers

9. People's decisions shape urban habitats

Dave Kendal, Emily Minor, and Monika Egerer

10. Scaling-up the management and conservation of urban biodiversity

Susannah B. Lerman, Josep Padullés Cubino, and Mark A. Goddard

11. Connecting biodiversity and human wellbeing

Jessica C. Fisher, Maximilian Nawrath, Martin Dallimer, Katherine N. Irvine, and Zoe G. Davies

12. Multidimensionality of biodiversity in urban social-ecological soil systems

Loren B. Byrne and Katalin Szlavecz

13. Plant invasions in cities: patterns, processes, consequences, and management

Mirijam Gaertner and Ingo Kowarik

14. The importance of citizen science for understanding urban biodiversity

Christopher A. Lepczyk and Timothy Vargo

PART 3: Population and community ecology of key urban taxa

15. Patterns and drivers of plant biodiversity in urban and urbanizing landscapes

Sonja Knapp and Wayne Zipperer

16. Urbanization shapes insect diversity

Emily K. Meineke, Elsa Youngsteadt, Mia K. Lippey, and Katherine C.R. Baldock

17. Birds in an urban world: community patterns across cities

Christine Rega-Brodsky and Ian MacGregor-Fors

18. A cross-continental synthesis of urban insectivorous bat research and future directions

Caragh G. Threlfall and Kirsten Jung

19. Impacts of urbanization on amphibians and opportunities for their conservation in cities

Kirsten M. Parris

20. Freshwater biodiversity in urban ecosystems

Augustin C. Engman and Allison H. Roy

PART 4: Urban biodiversity practice: management, planning, and design for healthy communities

21. Urban green infrastructure, biodiversity, poverty, and equity

Charlie M. Shackleton

22. Managing vegetation for urban biodiversity

Jun Yang, Sonja Knapp, and Wayne Zipperer

23. The role of engineered green infrastructure in supporting urban biodiversity

J. Scott MacIvor, Nicholas S.G. Williams, and Jeremy Lundholm

24. Global biodiversity requires integrating social and ecological goals for urban biodiversity: insights from ecological restoration

Lea R. Johnson

25. Cities are planning for biodiversity: a global survey of city plans

Karen M. O'Neill, Myla F.J. Aronson, Charles H. Nilon, Sarel S. Cilliers, Cynnamon Dobbs, Laren J. Frazee, Mark A. Goddard, Debra Roberts, Emilie K. Stander, Peter Werner, and Ken P. Yocom

26. Development and evolution of urban biodiversity indicators and assessment tools

Yuta Uchiyama and Ryo Kohsaka

27. Urban biodiversity: opportunities and challenges in the Paris Region

Marc Barra

28. Regeneration of urban nature: from planning to action

Diana Wiesner

29. Design for urban biodiversity: applying research on biodiversity of urban lawns into landscape design practice

Maria Ignatieva