Does the language we speak affect the way we think? This Element provides a synthesis of contemporary research on the interplay between language and cognition in speakers of two or more languages and examines variables deemed to impact bilingual acquisition and conceptualization of language-specific thinking patterns during L2 learning.

1. What Are the Key Concepts?; 2. What Are the Main Branches of Research?; 3. What Are the Key Readings?; 4. What Are the Implications for SLA?; 5. What Are the New Avenues for Research?