1. Introduction; 2. Theoretical framework; 3. Data; 4. How IMF programs affect distributive politics; 5. How distributive politics under IMF programs affect protest; 6. Discussion and conclusion; References; Appendices.

This Element argues that governments allocate adjustment burdens strategically to protect their supporters. Using large-N micro-level survey data from three world regions and a global survey, the Element discusses the local political economy of IMF lending. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.