Maura Conway is Professor of International Security in the School of Law and Government at Dublin City University, Ireland.

Stuart Macdonald is Professor of Law at Swansea University, UK.

Islamic State's Online Activity and Responses provides a unique examination of Islamic State's online activity at the peak of its "golden age" between 2014 and 2017 and evaluates some of the principal responses to this phenomenon.

Introduction: Islamic State's Online Activity and Responses 2014-2017 Maura Conway and Stuart Macdonald 1. Mujahideen Mobilization: Examining the Evolution of the Global Jihadist Movement's Communicative Action Repertoire Maxime Bérubé and Benoit Dupont 2. Competition and Innovation in a Hostile Environment: How Jabhat Al-Nusra and Islamic State Moved to Twitter in 2013-2014 Gunnar J. Weimann 3. A Dialectical Approach to Online Propaganda: Australia's United Patriots Front, Right-Wing Politics, and Islamic State Imogen Richards 4. Grading the Quality of ISIS Videos: A Metric for Assessing the Technical Sophistication of Digital Video Propaganda Mark D. Robinson and Cori E. Dauber 5. Women's Radicalization to Religious Terrorism: An Examination of ISIS Cases in the United States Lauren R. Shapiro and Marie-Helen Maras 6. "The Lions of Tomorrow": A News Value Analysis of Child Images in Jihadi Magazines Amy-Louise Watkin and Seán Looney 7. Disrupting Daesh: Measuring Takedown of Online Terrorist Material and Its Impacts Maura Conway, Moign Khawaja, Suraj Lakhani, Jeremy Reffin, Andrew Robertson, and David Weir 8. Informal Countermessaging: The Potential and Perils of Informal Online Countermessaging Benjamin J. Lee 9. Social Media and (Counter) Terrorist Finance: A Fund-Raising and Disruption Tool Tom Keatinge and Florence Keen 10. A Storm on the Horizon? "Twister" and the Implications of the Blockchain and Peer-to-Peer Social Networks for Online Violent Extremism Gareth Mott