The first comprehensive account of revolutionary and socialist thought after the 1871 Paris Commune, France's last nineteenth-century revolution.

Julia Nicholls is Lecturer in French and European Studies at King's College London. An intellectual historian of modern France, her research focuses on ideas of freedom and revolution, subjection, and social exclusion. She is particularly interested in how these ideas travelled across European borders and beyond.

Introduction; Part I. The Paris Commune and Accounting for Failure: 1. The commune as Quotidian event; 2. The commune as violent trauma; Part II. Revolution and the Republic: 3. The French revolutionary tradition; 4. Rehabilitating revolution; Part III. Marx, Marxism, and International Socialism: 5. Texts in translation; 6. The origins of Marxism in modern France; Part IV. Empire and Internationalism: 7. Deportation, imperialism, and the Republican State; 8. Exile and universal solidarity; Conclusion.