List of contributors; 1. Introduction G. Richard Scott and Joel D. Irish; 2. Bite marks in tule quids: the life and times of a dental anthropologist Christy G. Turner, II; 3. Twin and family studies of human dental crown morphology: genetic, epigenetic and environmental determinants of the modern human dentition Toby Hughes and Grant Townsend; 4. Teeth, morphogenesis, and levels of variation in the human Carabelli trait Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg, John P. Hunter, Ryan M. Durner, Stephanie Moormann, Theresia C. Weston and Tracy K. Betsinger; 5. The expression of human sex chromosome genes in oral and craniofacial growth Lassi Alvesalo; 6. Significant among-population associations found between dental characters and environmental factors Yuji Mizoguchi; 7. Using geometric morphometrics to study the mechanisms that pattern primate dental variation Oliver T. Rizk, Theresa M. Grieco, Michael W. Holmes and Leslea J. Hlusko; 8. Evolution of hominin postcanine macromorphology: a comparative meta-analysis Kes Schroer and Bernard Wood; 9. Dental morphology of European Middle Pleistocene populations María Martinón-Torres, José María Bermúdez de Castro, Laura Martín-Francés, Ana Gracia-Téllez, Ignacio Martínez and Juan Luis Arsuaga; 10. What does it mean to be dentally 'modern'? Shara E. Bailey and Jean-Jacques Hublin; 11. From outer to inner structural morphology in dental anthropology: integration of the third dimension in the visualization and quantitative analysis of fossil remains Roberto Macchiarelli, Priscilla Bayle, Luca Bondioli, Arnaud Mazurier and Clément Zanolli; 12. Afridonty: the 'Sub-Saharan African Dental Complex' revisited Joel D. Irish; 13. Basque dental morphology and the 'Eurodont' dental pattern G. Richard Scott, Alberto Anta, Conchita de la Rúa and Roman Schomberg; 14. A first look at the dental morphometrics of early Palauans Greg C. Nelson and Scott M. Fitzpatrick; 15. Grades, gradients, and geography: a dental morphometric approach to the population history of South Asia Brian E. Hemphill; 16. Do all Asians look alike? A dental nonmetric analysis of population diversity at the dawn of the Chinese empire (770 BC-AD 420) Christine Lee and Linhu Zhang; 17. Sinodonty and beyond: hemispheric, regional, and intracemetery approaches to studying dental morphological variation in the New World Christopher M. Stojanowski, Kent M. Johnson and William N. Duncan; 18. Crown morphology of Malay deciduous teeth: trait frequencies and biological affinities John R. Lukacs and Sri Kuswandari; 19. Geographic structure of dental variation in the major human populations of the world Tsunehiko Hanihara; 20. New approaches to the use of dental morphology in forensic contexts Heather J. H. Edgar and Stephen D. Ousley; 21. Wears the problem? Examining the effect of dental wear on studies of crown morphology Scott E. Burnett, Joel D. Irish and Michael R. Fong; Index.