Monotheism (taw¿¿d)-as attested to by the cosmos, known through reason, explicated in revelation, and exemplified by the lives of the righteous-forms the core of the Islamic worldview. A conviction in this unadulterated monotheism unifies Muslims across time and place; it is found in the core profession of faith (the shah¿da) and is reinforced by thousands of Qur'anic verses and prophetic teachings. Drawing on the Qur'anic discourse, sayings of the Prophet Müammad, and select theological works, this Element provides a concise and accessible introduction to the most fundamental concept in Islamic thought. The work explains the nature and attributes of God and examines how taw¿¿d informs conceptions of truth, morality, piety, and virtue.

1. Introduction; 2. Conceptualizing Taw¿¿d: God in Islamic Theology; 3. Discerning Taw¿¿d: Human Awareness of God; 4. Compromising Taw¿¿d: Deficient Understanding of God; 5. Imbibing Taw¿¿d: Ritual and Contemplative Life; 6. Forty Qur'anic Verses on God's Nature; 7. Conclusion.