PROFESSOR KEITH N. FRAYN is Emeritus Professor of Human Metabolism at the University of Oxford. He has published extensively in the area of metabolic regulation, including the textbook Human Metabolism: a Regulatory Perspective.

SARA STANNER is Science Director at the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF). She edited the first edition of Cardiovascular Disease: Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors and other BNF Task Force books.

SARAH COE is a Nutrition Scientist at the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF). She is Technical Editor and Secretariat of this BNF Task Force report.

A comprehensive, accessible summary of the latest research in heart disease risk factors
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a major cause of early death and disability across the world. The major markers of risk--including high blood cholesterol, smoking, and obesity--are well known, but studies show that such markers do not account for all cardiovascular risk. Written by a team of renowned experts in the field, this comprehensive and accessible book examines the evidence for emerging and novel risk factors, and their relationship with diet and nutrition.
Fully updated throughout, Cardiovascular Disease: Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors, 2nd Edition covers everything from the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease, to genetic factors, to inflammation and much more - offering invaluable advice on reducing risk factors and preventing CVD. This new edition:
* Authoritatively reports on the link between emerging aspects of diet, lifestyle and cardiovascular disease risk
* Focuses on novel risk factors of CVD, including the human gut microbiome and fetal and childhood origins, and how it can be prevented
* Features recommendations for interventions and future research
* Includes references, commonly asked questions that summarise the take-home messages, and an online glossary
Cardiovascular Disease: Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors, 2nd Edition is an important book for researchers and postgraduate students in nutrition, dietetics, food science, and medicine, as well as for cardiologists and cardiovascular specialists.

Foreword vii
List of Common Abbreviations ix
About the Companion Website xi
Terms of Reference xiii
Task Force Membership xv
1 The Aetiology and Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease 1
Professor Keith N. Frayn and Sara Stanner
2 The Fetal and Childhood Origins of Cardiometabolic Disease 29
Professor Caroline Fall and Dr Kalyanaraman Kumaran
3 Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes 49
Professor Keith N. Frayn, Dr Stacey Lockyer, and Sara Stanner
4 Lipid-Related Factors 75
Professor Leanne Hodson
5 Inflammation-Related Factors 99
Professor Parveen Yaqoob and Professor Gordon Ferns
6 Adipose Tissue-Derived Factors 121
Dr Vidya Mohamed-Ali and Dr Mashael AlJaber
7 Endothelial and Vascular Function 153
Professor Gordon Ferns and Professor Sumantra Ray
8 The Haemostatic System: Coagulation, Platelets, and Fibrinolysis 179
Professor Coen Stehouwer, Professor Marlien Pieters and Dr Moniek P.M. de Maat
9 Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Disease 213
Professor Richard Bruckdorfer
10 Vitamins and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease 245
Professor Robert Clarke
11 Influences of the Human Gut Microbiome 271
Professor Julie Lovegrove and Dr Gemma Walton
12 Physical Fitness and Physical Activity: Effects on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease 293
Professor Marie Murphy, Professor Steven N. Blair, and Bridget Benelam
13 Diet and Cardiovascular Disease: Where Are We Now? 311
Professor Judith L. Buttriss and Sarah Coe
14 Conclusions of the Task Force 367
15 Recommendations of the Task Force 375
16 Cardiovascular Disease: Answers to Common Questions 393
References 415
Index 511