This comprehensive volume discusses the various challenges of establishing and maintaining accountable and democratically controlled intelligence services, drawing both from states with well-established democratic systems and those emerging from authoritarian systems and in transition towards democracy.

Hans Born is Coordinator of the Working Group on Parliamentary Control of Armed Forces(PCAF), at DCAF, Switzerland. Marina Caparini is Coordinator of the Working Group on Internal Security and Civil Society at DCAF, Switzerland.

Part 1 Introduction; Chapter 1 Controlling and Overseeing Intelligence Services in Democratic States, MarinaCaparini; Chapter 2 The Need for Efficient and Legitimate Intelligence, FredSchreier; Part 2 Reforms in Eastern Europe; Chapter 3 Control and Oversight of Security Intelligence in Romania, Larry L.Watts; Chapter 4 Transformation of the Polish Secret Services: From Authoritarian to Informal Power Networks, AndrzejZybertowicz; Chapter 5 Reforming the Intelligence Services in Bulgaria: The Experience of 1989-2005, NikolaiBozhilov; Chapter 6 The Aftermath of 1989 and the Reform of Intelligence: The Czechoslovakian Case, Old?ich?erný; Part 3 Reforms in the West; Chapter 7 The United States Department of Defense Intelligence Oversight Programme: Balancing National Security and Constitutional Rights, George B.Lotz, II; Chapter 8 Checks and Imbalances? Intelligence Governance in Contemporary France, HansBorn, ThorstenWetzling; Chapter 9 Parliamentary Oversight of the Norwegian Secret and Intelligence Services, AmbassadorLeif Mevik, HakonHuus-Hansen; Part 4 Parliamentarians; Chapter 10 Parliamentary and External Oversight of Intelligence Services, HansBorn; Chapter 11 The UK's Intelligence and Security Committee, IanLeigh; Chapter 12 Democratic and Parliamentary Accountability of Intelligence Services After 9/11, PeterGill; Part 5 Data Protection; Chapter 13 Public Oversight and National Security: Comparative Approaches to Freedom of Information, DavidBanisar; Chapter 14 Reconciliation and Developing Public Trust in Hungary: Opening State Security Files, LászlóMajtényi; Part 6 Conclusion; Chapter 15 Intelligence Services: Strengthening Democratic Accountability, HansBorn, FairlieJensen;