Taef El-Azhari is Professor of Islamic and Middle Eastern History at Qatar University.

Zengi and the Muslim Response to the Crusades: The politics of Jihad, provides a full and rich picture of Zengi's career: his personality and motives; his power and ambition; his background and his foundation of a dynasty and its contribution, along with other dynasties, to a wider, deeper Turkification of the Middle East; his tools and methods; his vision, calamities and achievements; and how he was perceived by his contemporaries and modern scholars. Examining primary Muslim and non-Muslim sources, this book's extensive translations of original source material provides new insight into the complexities of Zengi's rule, and the politics of jihad that he led and orchestrated during the Crusades.

Introduction 1. The early career of Zengi, 1084-1127: the Turkmen influence 2. Zengi and his hostile policy towards the Seljuq sultanate and the 'Abbasid caliphate in Iran and Iraq: the art of pragmatism, 1127-46 3. Fragmented pacts: wars in the Jazira and Anatolia to dominate the Turkmen, the Kurds and the Arab tribes 4. Confronting the Crusaders and the Seljuqs in Syria: holy and unholy war, 1127-40 5. The fall of Edessa: jihad at the end of a career 6. Zengid administration and institutions: 'Turkification' continued