Some two decades will shortly have passed since the WTO's Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights agreement came into force in 1995. This volume is the first cross-country analysis of how TRIPS has affected the capacity of 11 major low or medium income countries to produce generic drugs.

1. The New Political Economy of Pharmaceuticals: Conformity and Resistance in the Global South; Owain David Williams and Hans Löfgren 2. The Political Economy of Pharmaceutical Production in Brazil; Cassandra M. Sweet 3. Pharmaceuticals, Health Policy and Intellectual Property Rights in China; Chee-Ruey Hsieh 4. Immunity to TRIPS? Vaccine Production and the Biotechnology Industry in Cuba; Jens Plahte and Simon Reid-Henry 5. TRIPS and Access to Medicines in Egypt; Dina Iskander 6. The Pharmaceutical Industry in India after TRIPS; Sudip Chaudhuri 7. The Health Care System and the Pharmaceutical Industry in Indonesia; Richard Husada and Raymond R. Tjandrawinata 8. TRIPS, Free Trade Agreements and the Pharmaceutical Industry in Malaysia; Mohamed Azmi Hassali, Jayabalan Thambyappa, Shankaran Nambiar and Asrul Akmal Shafie 9. The Pharmaceutical Industry, Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Medicines in Pakistan: Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar, Shazia Jamshed, Ashar Malik and Anwarul-Hassan Gilani 10. TRIPS, Access to Medicines and Local Production in South Africa; Andrew L. Gray and Yousuf A. Vawda 11. TRIPS and New Challenges for the Pharmaceutical Sector in South Korea; Bong-min Yang and Hye-young Kwon 12. Intellectual Property Rights and Neoliberal Restructuring in Turkey: The Pharmaceutical Industry; Ipek Eren Vural 13. Conclusion: TRIPS, Drug Production in the Global South, and Access to Medicines; Hans Löfgren and Owain David Williams