Examining the changing reception of Shakespeare in the Nordic countries between 1870 and 1940, this follow-up volume to Disseminating Shakespeare in the Nordic Countries focuses on the broad movements of national revivalism that took place around the turn of the century as Finland and Norway, and later Iceland, were gaining their independence. The first part of the book demonstrates how translations and productions of Shakespeare were key in such movements, as Shakespeare was appropriated for national and political purposes. The second part explores how the role of Shakespeare in the Nordic countries was partly transformed in the 1920s and 1930s as a new social system emerged, and then as the rise of fascism meant that European politics cast a long shadow on the Nordic countries and substantially affected the reception of Shakespeare.
Contributors trace the impact of early translations of Shakespeare's works into Icelandic, the role of women in the early transmission of Shakespeare in Finland and the first Shakespeare production at the Finnish Theatre, and the productions of Shakespeare's plays at the Norwegian National Theatre between 1899 and the outbreak of the Great War. In Part Two, they examine the political overtones of the 1916 Shakespeare celebrations in Hamlet's 'hometown' of Elsinore, Henrik Rytter's translations of 23 Shakespeare plays into Norwegian to assess their role in his poetics and in Scandinavian literature, the importance of the 1937 production of Hamlet in Kronborg Castle starring Laurence Olivier, and the role of Shakespeare in general and Hamlet in particular in Swedish Nobel laureate Eyvind Johnson's early work where it became a symbol of post-war passivity and rootlessness.

Nely Keinänen is Senior Lecturer in English at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Recently she has been studying the early reception of Shakespeare in Finland. She is on the board of the Nordic Shakespeare Society (NorSS).
Per Sivefors is Associate Professor of English Literature at Linnaeus University, Sweden. He has published extensively on early modern literature and culture. He is chair of the Nordic Shakespeare Society (NorSS).

List of Illustrations
Acknowledgements
Notes on Contributors

Introduction
Nely Keinänen (University of Helsinki, Finland) and Per Sivefors (Linnaeus University, Sweden)

1. Early Icelandic Translations of Shakespeare: Settings, Contexts, Cultural Transfer, Ástráður Eysteinsson and Ingibjörg Þórisdóttir (University of Iceland, Iceland)

2. Ida Aalberg and the First Finnish-Language Romeo and Juliet (1881), Nely Keinänen (University of Helsinki, Finland)

3. Kaarlo Bergbom and the Finnish-Language Shakespeare Tradition: The Finnish National Revival, German Romanticism, Theatrical Resources and Personal Wishes, Pentti Paavolainen (University of Helsinki, Finland)

4. Shakespeare and Norwegian National Theatre, 1899-1914, Christina Sandhaug (Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway)

5. Commemoration and Conflict at Hamlet's Castle: The 1916 'Shakespeare Mindefest' in Elsinore, Anne Sophie Refskou (Aarhus University, Denmark)

6. Nynorsk and the Nordic Spirit: Henrik Rytter's Shakespeare Translations (1932-1933), Svenn-Arve Myklebost (Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway)

7. 'A great interpreter of modern life': Eyvind Johnson and the Changing Perception of Shakespeare, Per Sivefors (Linnaeus University, Sweden)

Afterword by Michael Dobson (University of Birmingham, UK)

Appendix: Nordic Shakespeare 1880-1940: A Timeline
Index