This book provides a data-driven picture of the independent learning experience - what occurs in the minds of learners as they negotiate learning tasks without (or with less) guidance and instruction.

Luke Carson is an Associate Professor at Hiroshima City University, Japan. His works revolves around human development and potential, learning, culture, and future-focused education. He holds degrees from Trinity College Dublin, University College Cork, and Dublin City University.

1. Introduction 2. Independent Learning 3. Metacognition: The Key that Unlocks the Door 4. The independent learning experience: What is it made of? 5. The ILE: How do all the elements interact? 6. Case Studies: Individual and Group ILEs 7. Exploratory Findings and their Implications for Learning 8. Broader Educational Considerations 9. Conclusion