The present volume gathers together the talks presented at the second colloquim on the Future Professional Communication in Astronomy (FPCA II), held at Harvard University (Cambridge, MA) on 13-14 April 2010. This meeting provided a forum for editors, publishers, scientists, librarians and officers of learned societies to discuss the future of the field. The program included talks from leading researchers and practitioners and drew a crowd of approximately 50 attendees from 10 countries. These proceedings contain contributions from invited and contributed talks from leaders in the field, touching on a number of topics. Among them: - The role of disciplinary repositories such as ADS and arXiv in astronomy and the physical sciences; - Current status and future of Open Access Publishing models and their impact on astronomy and astrophysics publishing; - Emerging trends in scientific article publishing: semantic annotations, multimedia content, links to data products hosted by astrophysics archives; - Novel approaches to the evaluation of facilities and projects based on bibliometric indicators; - Impact of Government mandates, Privacy laws, and Intellectual Property Rights on the evolving digital publishing environment in astronomy; - Communicating astronomy to the public: the experience of the International Year of Astronomy 2009.

Dr. Alberto Accomazzi Work: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Private: 13 Hillside Ter., Newton, MA 02465, USA aaccomazzi@cfa.harvard.edu http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~alberto/

FPCA-II Opening Comments.- Astronomical Publishing: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow (A. Heck/Strasbourg Obs.).- The Emergin Scholarly Brain (M.J. Kurtz/CfA).- Communicating Astronomy Beyond IYA2009 (R.T. Fienberg/AAS).- Trends in Scientific Publishing at Springer (G. Eichhorn/Springer).- Astronomy Journal Publishing: Serving the Community (R. Boucher/Wiley-Blackwell).- Publishing in Greater Depth: Article of the Future and Beyond (D. Clark/Elsevier).- Publishing Astronomy and Astrophysics: Article Numbering, Electronic First (M.L. Chaix/EDP Sciences).- The Future of the ASP Conference Series (J. Jensen et al./ASP).- Astronomical Publication Rates in the US, UK, and Europe (H. A. Abt/KPNO).- Fully Digital: Policy and Process Implications for the AAS (Chr. Biemesderfer/AAS).- The Present and Future of The Astrophysical Journal (E. Vishniac/McMaster Univ.).- Open Access: Current Status, AAS Perspectives (K. Marvel and Chr. Biemesderfer/AAS).- Open Access Publishing in High-Energy Physics: The SCOAP3 Initiative (S. Mele/CERN).- Astronomy Librarians - Quo Vadis? (J. Lagerstrom/STScI and U. Grothkopf/ESO).- Telescope Bibliometrics 101 (U. Grothkopf/ESO and J. Lagerstrom/STScI).- Progress on the 'Declaration Concerning the Evolving Role of Libraries in Research Centres' (T.J. Mahoney/IAC).- Finding Your Literature Match - A Recommender System (E.A. Henneken et al./SAO).- Linking Literature and Data: Status Report and Future Efforts (A.Accomazzi/CfA).- FPCA-II Concluding Remarks (M.J. Kurtz/CfA)