In the decade after the Civil War, baseball became segregated because its leaders wanted to grow its presence and appeal to Southerners and to professionalize the sport. As a result, Black players were excluded until 1947.

List of Illustrations

Introduction

Prominent Players and Clubs

Part 1. The War’s Over, 1865–67

1. Washington DC: A Game to Be Governed

2. Richmond: Make It a Southern Game

3. Philadelphia: Baseball’s Boomtown

Part 2. Sorting Out New Divisions, 1867–69

4. Philadelphia: Setting Precedent

5. Washington DC: Nationalizing Separation

6. Richmond: Calibrating a Response

Part 3. New Realities Entrenched, the 1870s

7. Philadelphia: Permanent Solutions

8. Richmond: The Final Tally

9. Washington DC: Professional Separation

Epilogue

Acknowledgments

Notes

Bibliography

Index

Ryan A. Swanson is an associate professor and the director of the Lobo Scholars Program in the Honors College at the University of New Mexico. He is the author of The Strenuous Life: Theodore Roosevelt and the Making of the American Athlete.