Paul Schuler is Assistant Professor in the School of Government and Public Policy at the University of Arizona.

Introduction
1. The Signaling Trap: Why Single-Party Legislatures Must Be Controlled
2. How Elections Work in Vietnam
3. "Unconditional Party Government": Legislative Organization in the VNA
4. Explaining the Evolution of the VNA
5. Mobilized or Motivated? Voting Behavior in Vietnamese Elections
6. Explaining Oversight Behavior: Position Taking or Position Ducking?
7. Intimidation or Legitimation? The Signaling Value of the VNA
Conclusion: Curbing our Expectations for the VNA, Single-Party Legislatures