Elizabeth Frazer is Associate Professor of Politics at the University of Oxford
Kimberly Hutchings is Professor of Politics and International Relations at Queen Mary University of London

Is politics necessarily violent? Does the justifiability of violence depend on whether it is perpetrated to defend or upend the existing order - or perhaps on the way in which it is conducted? Is violence simply direct physical harm, or can it also be structural, symbolic, or epistemic?
In this book, Elizabeth Frazer and Kimberley Hutchings explore how political theorists, from Niccolo Machiavelli to Elaine Scarry, have addressed these issues. They engage with both defenders and critics of violence in politics, analysing their diverse justificatory and rhetorical strategies in order to draw out the enduring themes of these debates. They show how political theorists have tended to evade the central difficulties raised by violence by either reducing it to a neutral tool or identifying it with something quite distinct, such as justice or virtue. They argue that, because violence is necessarily wrapped up with hierarchical and exclusive structures and imaginaries, legitimising it in terms of the ends that it serves, or how it is perpetrated, no longer makes sense.
This book will be an invaluable resource for students and scholars in areas ranging from the ethics of terror and war to radical and revolutionary political thought.

Acknowledgements
Introduction: Reflections on Politics and Violence
Chapter One: Politics and Revolutionary Violence
Chapter Two: Politics and State Violence
Chapter Three: Politics and Violence Reconsidered
Chapter Four: Politics as a Continuation of Violence
Chapter Five: The Problem of Violence
Chapter Six: Violence and the Transformation of Man
Chapter Seven: The Politicisation of Violence
Chapter Eight: Towards a Political Theory of Violence
Notes
Bibliography