Do your results mean something - or not? How can you measure it? Breaking it down into three building blocks, this Little Quick Fix shows students how to master hypothesis testing, normal distribution and p values.

Section 1: What is statistical significance and inference?
Section 2: Why do I have to draw a random sample?
Section 3: What is a normal distribution?
Section 4: What is a standard error?
Section 5: How do I calculate confidence intervals with standard errors?
Section 6: What is a p-value?
Section 7: What does a significant p-value actually mean?

From 2009 to 2014 John was the Strategic Advisor to the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) on quantitative methods training overseeing the genesis and launch of the Q-Step programme. From 2015 to 2020 he was Strategic Advisor to the British Academy on Quantitative skills and a member of the British Academy's High Level Strategy group on Quantitative Skills. John is a Chartered Statistician and was Vice President (Professional Affairs) of the Royal Statistical Society 2019-20. He has held research grants from the European Commission, UK ESRC, British Academy, Leverhulme trust and British, Spanish and Catalan government departments.