This study presents the first general assessment in the English language of Rudolf Hilferding's life and work. Hilferding was born in Vienna in 1877 and died in the Gestapo prison La Sante in Paris in 1941. He is remembered as the author of Finance Capital (1910), as the theorist of "organized capitalism," as the chief ideologist of Weimar Social Democracy, and as the theorist of the totalitarian state economy.