Livestock refers to the domesticated animals in an agricultural setting which are raised by humans to produce commodities such as leather, fur, dairy products, wool, etc. Some common examples of livestock are cows, goats, sheep, buffaloes and pigs. The field which involves breeding, maintenance and slaughtering of livestock is known as animal husbandry. It is one of the major components of modern agriculture. There are many diseases and health issues that affect the livestock such as classical swine fever, scrapie, foot mouth disease, etc. Many measures are taken to avoid such diseases. Vaccines and antibiotics are widely used when required. Good husbandry practices, proper feeding, and hygiene are incorporated which contribute to good livestock health. This book unravels the recent studies in the field of modern livestock and animal health. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on modern livestock and animal health have been included in this book. It will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.