In this updated and completely revised second edition, Enzo Traverso carefully reconstructs the intellectual debate surrounding the "Jewish Question' over a century of Marxist thought.

Enzo Traverso (1957) is Susan and Barton Winokur Professor in the Humanities at Cornell University. He has taught in different countries and published many books, translated into a dozen languages, among which are Fire and Blood: The European Civil War (Verso, 2016) and Left-Wing Melancholia (Columbia University Press, 2017).

Table of Contents

Historicising the Marxist Jewish Question: Preface to the Second Edition

Acknowledgements

Introduction

1 Marx, Radical Enlightenment, and the Jews

1 Marx: the Jew as Geldmensch

2 Engels: the Jews as a &'People without History'

3 The Struggle against Anti-Semitism

2 The Jewish Marxist Intelligentsia

1 Central Europe

2 Eastern Europe

3 Hypotheses

3 The German and Austrian Marxists (1880-1920)

1 Anti-Semitism

2 Zionism

3 The Paradigm of Assimilation: Otto Bauer

4 The Paradigm of Assimilation: Karl Kautsky

4 Russian Marxism (1900-20)

1 Lenin

2 Stalin

3 Trotsky

4 Rosa Luxemburg

5 Conclusion

5 Jewish Marxism

1 Russian Marxism and Jewish Marxism

2 The Jewish Workers' Movement

3 National Autonomy: Vladimir Medem

4 Zionism: Ber Borokhov

Intermezzo: The Jews and the Russian Revolution (1917-37)

6 Gramsci and the Jewish Question

7 From Weimar to Auschwitz: Anti-Semitism and the German Left

1 The KPD: From the &'Schlageter Line' to the &'Third Period'

2 The &'Roofless Left'

3 Trotsky's Warnings

8 The Messianic Materialism of Walter Benjamin

1 German Culture and Jewishness

2 Marxism

3 Critique of Progress

4 Historical Materialism and Theology

5 Outsider

9 The Theory of the People-Class: Abram Leon

1 Historiographical Limitations

2 Capitalism and Assimilation

3 Anti-Semitism

4 Solutions

10 Postwar Marxism and the Holocaust

1 The Frankfurt School

2 Ernest Mandel

3 Capitalism and the Holocaust

Conclusion

Glossary

Chronology

Bibliography

Index