Critical qualitative research informs social education through a lens that ensures the investigation of issues
in education tied to power and privilege, ultimately leading to advocacy and activism. The concept of
critical is increasingly challenged in this age of neoliberal reform; nevertheless, critical implies
questioning, investigating and challenging in terms of equity and social justice, leading to critical
consciousness (Freire, 1970). While we resist defining social education, as hopefully these ideas / concepts
are fluid, the idea stems from a continual analysis and synthesis of critical theory/ critical pedagogy, media
and cultural studies, social reconstruction / social justice, and social studies education framed by culturally
responsive pedagogy. A social education take on critical qualitative research thus suggests multiple truths
and perspectives and focuses on questions rather than answers.
While many have written on qualitative educational research and some have attempted to integrate critical
pedagogy and qualitative research, few have explored the specific idea of social education and critical
qualitative research. A major issue is that social education claims that there are no set procedures, scripted
approaches, or narrow definitions as to the possibilities of research endeavors. Social education researchers
make the process and investigation their own and adapt questions, procedures, methods, and strategies
throughout the experience. This reflects an ever changing criticality in the bricolage of the research
(Steinberg, 2011).
Critical qualitative research and social education are vital for the world of the 21st century. The onslaught of neoliberalism, corporatization,
standardization, testing, and the continuing attack on public schools and educators necessitate critical approaches to teaching and learning along with
critical qualitative research in social education. Ongoing issues with equity and social justice tied to race, ethnicity, class, orientation, age, and ability
linking to schooling, education, teaching and learning must be addressed. The struggle between unbridled capitalism and democracy warrant these
investigations in the 21st century, hopefully leading to advocacy and activism.