This book investigates the meanings of the notion of friendship in the Renaissance from two perspectives, philological and philosophical, by observing how the notion was used in a broad spectrum of case studies of Renaissance culture. Each chapter highlights the ways in which authors of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries (writers, philosophers, philologists, politicians, etc.) appropriated Greek and Latin paradigms of friendship, on the one hand, applying them to understand their own social and political context while, on the other hand, they created new paradigms of friendship in both the public and private spheres. Each chapter develops an argument on the notion of friendship starting from the investigation of a particular context and creating a network of connections between words related to friendship, such as speaking sincerely (parrhesia), flattery, justice, love, pleasure, good, utility, virtue, good life, and truth, in both the private and public domains. The writers addressed in the various chapters are - with regard to the ancients - Plato, Aristotle, Epicurus, Plutarch, Cicero and Seneca and - among the moderns - Machiavelli, Montaigne, Thomas More, Erasmus, Juan de Mariana, Feliciano Silvestri, Johannes Caselius, the members of the Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft, and the authors of Renaissance emblem books.

Patrizia Piredda is a scholar of literature and philosophy. She has published on ethics and literature, metaphor, and utopia and has focused on such authors as Pirandello, Primo Levi, Thomas More, Wittgenstein, Aristotle, and Nietzsche. Her publications include «L'etico non si può insegnare» (2014), La letteratura e il male (2015), La maschera del dandy. Studio estetico su George Bryan Brummell (2017), and La riflessione etica nel teatro italiano contemporaneo (2018).

Matthias Roick works on Renaissance humanism and the history of ethics, with a special interest in the concept of virtue and its role in early modern culture and society. As principal investigator of the Freigeist research project «The Ways of Virtue. The Ethica Section in Wolfenbüttel and the History of Ethics in Early Modern Europe» (2014-2020), he studied the complex relationships between moral philosophy, literature, and book culture in Germany during the Thirty Years' War. He is the author of Pontano's Virtues: Aristotelian Moral and Political Thought in the Renaissance (2017).

Contents: Sara Diaco: Authentic and Counterfeit Friendship: A Reading of Montaigne through Ancient Reflections on Frankness and Flattery - Cecilia Asso: How to Tell a Flatterer from a Friend: The Solitude of the Tyrant in Early Modern Treatises - Patrizia Piredda: Friendship and Virtues in the Good Society: Thomas More's Utopia - Valeria Butera: The Thousand Faces of Friendship: An Iconological Survey of the Emblem Books of the Herzog August Library - Stefano Saracino: Private or Political Friendships? Machiavelli's Sociability after 1512 and His Strategies of Retreat and Rehabilitation - Matthias Roick: Virtue and Discord: Notions of Friendship in Commentaries on Cicero's De amicitia in Sixteenth-Century Germany - Gabriele Ball: Ich werde aber in meiner gefreundter dienst verreisen: Sociability and Friendship in the Letters of the Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft (1617-1650) and Beyond - Clemens Cornelius Brinkmann: The Notion of Friendship in Johannes Caselius's Occasional Poetry.