Measures for regulating the behaviour of nation states in relation to the global environment have increasingly taken the form of international treaties and conventions. Many have argued that this has proved to be an ineffective way of halting unsustainable development, for the provisions of these agreements are either too weak or are flouted regularly by the parties concerned. This volume seeks to address the crucial question of how compliance with these agreements could be encouraged effectively without damaging the fragile political consensus that is emerging on environmental issues. With extensive use of case studies, Improving Compliance will make stimulating reading for all students and researchers working in this area, as well as for anyone concerned about the effectiveness of international environmental measures.

Introduction * Part 1:Compliance Theory - Compliance Theory: an Overview * Compliance, Citizens and NGOs * Appendix 1: Case Studies * Compliance with International Environmental Obligations: Existing International Legal Arrangements * Part 2: Global Compliance Systems - Designing a Compliance System for the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change * Appendix 2: Non-Compliance Procedures Under the Montreal Protocol * Appendix 3a: The Framework Convention on Climate Change: Contents * 3b: The Framework Convention on Climate Change * Appendix 4a: Further Non-Compliance Procedures: Contents * 4b: Further Non-Compliance Procedures * Compliance with international Environmental Obligations: a Case Study of the International Whaling Commission * Part 3: The Implementation of International Agreements - The Role of the EC in Implementing International Environmental Law * A Case Study of a Regional Approach to Compliance with CITES in Southern Africa * The Implementation of CITES in China * International Agreements and Environmental Management Follow-up in Bangladesh * Part 4: Enforcement Measures: the Use of Economic Instruments and Financial Resources * Trade Sanctions: Effective Enforcement Tools * The Use of Joint Implementation to Increase Compliance with the Climate Change Convention * Appendix 5: Extracts of Relevant Convention Provisions in Joint Implementation * Financing Global Environmental Protection * UN Framework Convention on Climate Change: the European Carbon/Energy Tax and its International Trade Law Implications * Notes and References * Afterword to Chapter Five * Glossary * Index.

Jacob Werksman, James Cameron, Peter Roderick