Julia Maria Williamson (neé Muraszkiewicz) is a Senior Research Analyst at Trilateral Research Ltd, London, UK. Her main areas of expertise include human trafficking, human rights law, migration, and European criminal law. She holds a PhD in Law from Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.

1. Introduction.- 2. Human Trafficking.- 3. Rationale for the Non-Liability Principle.- 4. Non-Liability in European and International Law.- 5. Dissecting Article 26 of the 2005 Council of Europe Convention.- 6. Dissecting Article 8 of the 2011 EU Human Trafficking Directive.- 7. How States Have Implemented the Non-Liability Provision.- 8. What Thwarts the Use of the Non-Liability Provision? - 9. An Alternative Provision.