Because water access, distribution and quality are the most urgent challenges for societies across the world, this book focuses on the current and future demands and challenges in the areas of water scarcity we may face and possible solutions in terms of technology and management including infrastructure changes that are needed for the future smart cities. Readers of this book shall gain an increased understanding of water supply and its demands and shall learn some of the research trends to overcome global water scarcity and urban growth by creating smart cities.

1. Sustainable management of municipal wastewater reverse osmosis concentrate: Treatment with biological activated carbon based processes for safe disposal.- 2. Sustainable Wastewater Management through decentralised systems: case studies.- 3. Nanofiltration Membrane of Dye Bath towards Zero Liquid Discharge - A Technical and Economic Evaluation.- 4. Treating car wash wastewater by ceramic ultrafiltration membranes for reuse purposes.- 5. Microalgae as Bio-Converters of Wastewater Into Biofuel and Food.- 6. Effect of hybrid photocatalysis and ceramic membrane filtration process for humic acid degradation.- 7. Potential Use of Biochar from Sugar Cane Bagasse for Treatment of Textile Wastewater.- 8. Disinfection By-Products in Recycled Waters.- 9. Functional Nano-porous Titanium Dioxide for Separation Applications - Synthesis Routes and Properties to Performance Analysis.- 10. Addressing Water Scarcity in Tamilnadu - New Perspective.- 11. Repair or replace- Technologies available forTrenchless Remediation of existing infrastructure.